Upstream information

CVE-2025-40054 at MITRE

Description

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

f2fs: fix UAF issue in f2fs_merge_page_bio()

As JY reported in bugzilla [1],

Unable to handle kernel NULL pointer dereference at virtual address 0000000000000000
pc : [0xffffffe51d249484] f2fs_is_cp_guaranteed+0x70/0x98
lr : [0xffffffe51d24adbc] f2fs_merge_page_bio+0x520/0x6d4
CPU: 3 UID: 0 PID: 6790 Comm: kworker/u16:3 Tainted: P B W OE 6.12.30-android16-5-maybe-dirty-4k #1 5f7701c9cbf727d1eebe77c89bbbeb3371e895e5
Tainted: [P]=PROPRIETARY_MODULE, [B]=BAD_PAGE, [W]=WARN, [O]=OOT_MODULE, [E]=UNSIGNED_MODULE
Workqueue: writeback wb_workfn (flush-254:49)
Call trace:
f2fs_is_cp_guaranteed+0x70/0x98
f2fs_inplace_write_data+0x174/0x2f4
f2fs_do_write_data_page+0x214/0x81c
f2fs_write_single_data_page+0x28c/0x764
f2fs_write_data_pages+0x78c/0xce4
do_writepages+0xe8/0x2fc
__writeback_single_inode+0x4c/0x4b4
writeback_sb_inodes+0x314/0x540
__writeback_inodes_wb+0xa4/0xf4
wb_writeback+0x160/0x448
wb_workfn+0x2f0/0x5dc
process_scheduled_works+0x1c8/0x458
worker_thread+0x334/0x3f0
kthread+0x118/0x1ac
ret_from_fork+0x10/0x20

[1] https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=220575

The panic was caused by UAF issue w/ below race condition:

kworker
- writepages
- f2fs_write_cache_pages
- f2fs_write_single_data_page
- f2fs_do_write_data_page
- f2fs_inplace_write_data
- f2fs_merge_page_bio
- add_inu_page
: cache page #1 into bio & cache bio in
io->bio_list
- f2fs_write_single_data_page
- f2fs_do_write_data_page
- f2fs_inplace_write_data
- f2fs_merge_page_bio
- add_inu_page
: cache page #2 into bio which is linked
in io->bio_list
write
- f2fs_write_begin
: write page #1
- f2fs_folio_wait_writeback
- f2fs_submit_merged_ipu_write
- f2fs_submit_write_bio
: submit bio which inclues page #1 and #2

software IRQ
- f2fs_write_end_io
- fscrypt_free_bounce_page
: freed bounced page which belongs to page #2
- inc_page_count( , WB_DATA_TYPE(data_folio), false)
: data_folio points to fio->encrypted_page
the bounced page can be freed before
accessing it in f2fs_is_cp_guarantee()

It can reproduce w/ below testcase:
Run below script in shell #1:
for ((i=1;i>0;i++)) do xfs_io -f /mnt/f2fs/enc/file \
-c "pwrite 0 32k" -c "fdatasync"

Run below script in shell #2:
for ((i=1;i>0;i++)) do xfs_io -f /mnt/f2fs/enc/file \
-c "pwrite 0 32k" -c "fdatasync"

So, in f2fs_merge_page_bio(), let's avoid using fio->encrypted_page after
commit page into internal ipu cache.

SUSE information

Overall state of this security issue: Analysis

This issue is currently rated as having moderate severity.

CVSS v3 Scores
CVSS detail SUSE
Base Score 5.5
Vector CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
Attack Vector Local
Attack Complexity Low
Privileges Required Low
User Interaction None
Scope Unchanged
Confidentiality Impact None
Integrity Impact None
Availability Impact High
CVSSv3 Version 3.1

Note from the SUSE Security Team on the kernel-default package

SUSE will no longer fix all CVEs in the Linux Kernel anymore, but declare some bug classes as won't fix. Please refer to TID 21496 for more details.

SUSE Bugzilla entry: 1252853 [NEW]

No SUSE Security Announcements cross referenced.


Status of this issue by product and package

Please note that this evaluation state might be work in progress, incomplete or outdated. Also information for service packs in the LTSS phase is only included for issues meeting the LTSS criteria. If in doubt, feel free to contact us for clarification. The updates are grouped by state of their lifecycle. SUSE product lifecycles are documented on the lifecycle page.

Product(s) Source package State
Products under general support and receiving all security fixes.
SUSE Linux Enterprise Desktop 15 SP6 kernel-default Analysis
SUSE Linux Enterprise Desktop 15 SP6 kernel-source Analysis
SUSE Linux Enterprise Desktop 15 SP7 kernel-default Analysis
SUSE Linux Enterprise Desktop 15 SP7 kernel-source Analysis
SUSE Linux Enterprise High Availability Extension 15 SP7 kernel-default Analysis
SUSE Linux Enterprise High Availability Extension 15 SP7 kernel-source Analysis
SUSE Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP6 kernel-default Analysis
SUSE Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP6 kernel-source Analysis
SUSE Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP6 kernel-source-azure Analysis
SUSE Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP7 kernel-default Analysis
SUSE Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP7 kernel-source Analysis
SUSE Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP7 kernel-source-azure Analysis
SUSE Linux Enterprise Live Patching 15 SP6 kernel-default Analysis
SUSE Linux Enterprise Live Patching 15 SP6 kernel-source Analysis
SUSE Linux Enterprise Live Patching 15 SP7 kernel-default Analysis
SUSE Linux Enterprise Live Patching 15 SP7 kernel-source Analysis
SUSE Linux Enterprise Micro 5.1 kernel-default Analysis
SUSE Linux Enterprise Micro 5.1 kernel-rt Analysis
SUSE Linux Enterprise Micro 5.1 kernel-source Analysis
SUSE Linux Enterprise Micro 5.1 kernel-source-rt Analysis
SUSE Linux Enterprise Micro 5.2 kernel-default Analysis
SUSE Linux Enterprise Micro 5.2 kernel-rt Analysis
SUSE Linux Enterprise Micro 5.2 kernel-source Analysis
SUSE Linux Enterprise Micro 5.2 kernel-source-rt Analysis
SUSE Linux Enterprise Micro 5.3 kernel-default Analysis
SUSE Linux Enterprise Micro 5.3 kernel-rt Analysis
SUSE Linux Enterprise Micro 5.3 kernel-source Analysis
SUSE Linux Enterprise Micro 5.3 kernel-source-rt Analysis
SUSE Linux Enterprise Micro 5.4 kernel-default Analysis
SUSE Linux Enterprise Micro 5.4 kernel-rt Analysis
SUSE Linux Enterprise Micro 5.4 kernel-source Analysis
SUSE Linux Enterprise Micro 5.4 kernel-source-rt Analysis
SUSE Linux Enterprise Micro 5.5 kernel-default Analysis
SUSE Linux Enterprise Micro 5.5 kernel-source Analysis
SUSE Linux Enterprise Micro 5.5 kernel-source-rt Analysis
SUSE Linux Enterprise Module for Basesystem 15 SP6 kernel-default Analysis
SUSE Linux Enterprise Module for Basesystem 15 SP6 kernel-source Analysis
SUSE Linux Enterprise Module for Basesystem 15 SP7 kernel-default Analysis
SUSE Linux Enterprise Module for Basesystem 15 SP7 kernel-source Analysis
SUSE Linux Enterprise Module for Development Tools 15 SP6 kernel-default Analysis
SUSE Linux Enterprise Module for Development Tools 15 SP6 kernel-source Analysis
SUSE Linux Enterprise Module for Development Tools 15 SP7 kernel-default Analysis
SUSE Linux Enterprise Module for Development Tools 15 SP7 kernel-source Analysis
SUSE Linux Enterprise Module for Legacy 15 SP6 kernel-default Analysis
SUSE Linux Enterprise Module for Legacy 15 SP6 kernel-source Analysis
SUSE Linux Enterprise Module for Legacy 15 SP7 kernel-default Analysis
SUSE Linux Enterprise Module for Legacy 15 SP7 kernel-source Analysis
SUSE Linux Enterprise Module for Public Cloud 15 SP6 kernel-source-azure Analysis
SUSE Linux Enterprise Module for Public Cloud 15 SP7 kernel-source-azure Analysis
SUSE Linux Enterprise Real Time 15 SP6 kernel-source-rt Analysis
SUSE Linux Enterprise Real Time 15 SP7 kernel-source-rt Analysis
SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 15 SP6 kernel-default Analysis
SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 15 SP6 kernel-source Analysis
SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 15 SP6 kernel-source-azure Analysis
SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 15 SP7 kernel-default Analysis
SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 15 SP7 kernel-source Analysis
SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 15 SP7 kernel-source-azure Analysis
SUSE Linux Enterprise Server for SAP Applications 15 SP6 kernel-default Analysis
SUSE Linux Enterprise Server for SAP Applications 15 SP6 kernel-source Analysis
SUSE Linux Enterprise Server for SAP Applications 15 SP6 kernel-source-azure Analysis
SUSE Linux Enterprise Server for SAP Applications 15 SP7 kernel-default Analysis
SUSE Linux Enterprise Server for SAP Applications 15 SP7 kernel-source Analysis
SUSE Linux Enterprise Server for SAP Applications 15 SP7 kernel-source-azure Analysis
SUSE Linux Enterprise Workstation Extension 15 SP6 kernel-default Analysis
SUSE Linux Enterprise Workstation Extension 15 SP6 kernel-source Analysis
SUSE Linux Enterprise Workstation Extension 15 SP7 kernel-default Analysis
SUSE Linux Enterprise Workstation Extension 15 SP7 kernel-source Analysis
SUSE Linux Micro 6.0 kernel-default Analysis
SUSE Linux Micro 6.0 kernel-source Analysis
SUSE Linux Micro 6.0 kernel-source-rt Analysis
SUSE Linux Micro 6.1 kernel-default Analysis
SUSE Linux Micro 6.1 kernel-source Analysis
SUSE Linux Micro 6.1 kernel-source-rt Analysis
SUSE Real Time Module 15 SP6 kernel-source-rt Analysis
SUSE Real Time Module 15 SP7 kernel-source-rt Analysis
openSUSE Leap 15.6 kernel-default Analysis
openSUSE Leap 15.6 kernel-source Analysis
openSUSE Leap 15.6 kernel-source-azure Analysis
openSUSE Leap 15.6 kernel-source-rt Analysis
Products under Long Term Service Pack support and receiving important and critical security fixes.
SUSE Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP3 kernel-source Analysis
SUSE Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP3-ESPOS kernel-source Analysis
SUSE Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP3-LTSS kernel-default Analysis
SUSE Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP3-LTSS kernel-source Analysis
SUSE Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP4 kernel-source Analysis
SUSE Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP4-LTSS kernel-default Analysis
SUSE Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP4-LTSS kernel-source Analysis
SUSE Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP5 kernel-source Analysis
SUSE Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP5-ESPOS kernel-default Analysis
SUSE Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP5-ESPOS kernel-source Analysis
SUSE Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP5-LTSS kernel-default Analysis
SUSE Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP5-LTSS kernel-source Analysis
SUSE Linux Enterprise Live Patching 12 SP5 kernel-default Analysis
SUSE Linux Enterprise Live Patching 12 SP5 kernel-source Analysis
SUSE Linux Enterprise Live Patching 15 SP3 kernel-default Analysis
SUSE Linux Enterprise Live Patching 15 SP3 kernel-source Analysis
SUSE Linux Enterprise Live Patching 15 SP4 kernel-default Analysis
SUSE Linux Enterprise Live Patching 15 SP4 kernel-source Analysis
SUSE Linux Enterprise Live Patching 15 SP5 kernel-default Analysis
SUSE Linux Enterprise Live Patching 15 SP5 kernel-source Analysis
SUSE Linux Enterprise Module for Basesystem 15 SP3 kernel-source Analysis
SUSE Linux Enterprise Module for Basesystem 15 SP4 kernel-source Analysis
SUSE Linux Enterprise Module for Basesystem 15 SP5 kernel-source Analysis
SUSE Linux Enterprise Module for Development Tools 15 SP3 kernel-source Analysis
SUSE Linux Enterprise Module for Development Tools 15 SP4 kernel-source Analysis
SUSE Linux Enterprise Module for Development Tools 15 SP5 kernel-source Analysis
SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 11 SP4 LTSS EXTREME CORE kernel-default Analysis
SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 11 SP4 LTSS EXTREME CORE kernel-source Analysis
SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 12 SP5 kernel-source Analysis
SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 12 SP5-LTSS kernel-default Analysis
SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 12 SP5-LTSS kernel-source Analysis
SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 12 SP5-LTSS Extended Security kernel-default Analysis
SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 12 SP5-LTSS Extended Security kernel-source Analysis
SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 15 SP3 kernel-source Analysis
SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 15 SP3-LTSS kernel-default Analysis
SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 15 SP3-LTSS kernel-source Analysis
SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 15 SP4 kernel-source Analysis
SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 15 SP4-LTSS kernel-default Analysis
SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 15 SP4-LTSS kernel-source Analysis
SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 15 SP5 kernel-source Analysis
SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 15 SP5-LTSS kernel-default Analysis
SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 15 SP5-LTSS kernel-source Analysis
SUSE Linux Enterprise Server LTSS Extended Security 12 SP5 kernel-source Analysis
SUSE Manager Proxy 4.3 kernel-source Analysis
SUSE Manager Proxy LTS 4.3 kernel-default Analysis
SUSE Manager Proxy LTS 4.3 kernel-source Analysis
SUSE Manager Retail Branch Server 4.3 kernel-source Analysis
SUSE Manager Retail Branch Server LTS 4.3 kernel-default Analysis
SUSE Manager Retail Branch Server LTS 4.3 kernel-source Analysis
SUSE Manager Server 4.3 kernel-source Analysis
SUSE Manager Server LTS 4.3 kernel-default Analysis
SUSE Manager Server LTS 4.3 kernel-source Analysis
Products past their end of life and not receiving proactive updates anymore.
SUSE CaaS Platform 4.0 kernel-source Analysis
SUSE Enterprise Storage 6 kernel-source Analysis
SUSE Enterprise Storage 7 kernel-source Analysis
SUSE Enterprise Storage 7.1 kernel-source Analysis
SUSE Linux Enterprise Desktop 11 SP4 kernel-source Analysis
SUSE Linux Enterprise Desktop 12 SP2 kernel-source Analysis
SUSE Linux Enterprise Desktop 12 SP4 kernel-source Analysis
SUSE Linux Enterprise Desktop 15 kernel-source Analysis
SUSE Linux Enterprise Desktop 15 SP1 kernel-source Analysis
SUSE Linux Enterprise Desktop 15 SP2 kernel-source Analysis
SUSE Linux Enterprise Desktop 15 SP3 kernel-source Analysis
SUSE Linux Enterprise Desktop 15 SP4 kernel-source Analysis
SUSE Linux Enterprise Desktop 15 SP5 kernel-source Analysis
SUSE Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 kernel-source Analysis
SUSE Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP1 kernel-source Analysis
SUSE Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP1-ESPOS kernel-source Analysis
SUSE Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP1-LTSS kernel-source Analysis
SUSE Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP2 kernel-source Analysis
SUSE Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP2-ESPOS kernel-source Analysis
SUSE Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP2-LTSS kernel-source Analysis
SUSE Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP4-ESPOS kernel-source Analysis
SUSE Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15-ESPOS kernel-source Analysis
SUSE Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15-LTSS kernel-source Analysis
SUSE Linux Enterprise Micro 5.0 kernel-default Analysis
SUSE Linux Enterprise Module for Basesystem 15 kernel-source Analysis
SUSE Linux Enterprise Module for Basesystem 15 SP1 kernel-source Analysis
SUSE Linux Enterprise Module for Basesystem 15 SP2 kernel-source Analysis
SUSE Linux Enterprise Module for Development Tools 15 kernel-source Analysis
SUSE Linux Enterprise Module for Development Tools 15 SP1 kernel-source Analysis
SUSE Linux Enterprise Module for Development Tools 15 SP2 kernel-source Analysis
SUSE Linux Enterprise Point of Sale 12 SP2-CLIENT kernel-source Analysis
SUSE Linux Enterprise Real Time 15 SP2 kernel-source Analysis
SUSE Linux Enterprise Real Time 15 SP3 kernel-source Analysis
SUSE Linux Enterprise Real Time 15 SP3 kernel-source-rt Analysis
SUSE Linux Enterprise Real Time 15 SP4 kernel-source Analysis
SUSE Linux Enterprise Real Time 15 SP4 kernel-source-rt Analysis
SUSE Linux Enterprise Real Time 15 SP5 kernel-source-rt Analysis
SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 11 SP4 kernel-source Analysis
SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 11 SP4 LTSS kernel-default Analysis
SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 11 SP4 LTSS kernel-source Analysis
SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 11 SP4-LTSS kernel-source Analysis
SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 12 SP2 kernel-source Analysis
SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 12 SP2-BCL kernel-source Analysis
SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 12 SP2-ESPOS kernel-source Analysis
SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 12 SP2-LTSS kernel-default Analysis
SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 12 SP2-LTSS kernel-source Analysis
SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 12 SP4 kernel-source Analysis
SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 12 SP4-ESPOS kernel-source Analysis
SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 12 SP4-LTSS kernel-default Analysis
SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 12 SP4-LTSS kernel-source Analysis
SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 15 kernel-source Analysis
SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 15 SP1 kernel-source Analysis
SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 15 SP1-BCL kernel-source Analysis
SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 15 SP1-LTSS kernel-default Analysis
SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 15 SP1-LTSS kernel-source Analysis
SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 15 SP2 kernel-source Analysis
SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 15 SP2-BCL kernel-source Analysis
SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 15 SP2-LTSS kernel-default Analysis
SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 15 SP2-LTSS kernel-source Analysis
SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 15 SP3-BCL kernel-source Analysis
SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 15-LTSS kernel-default Analysis
SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 15-LTSS kernel-source Analysis
SUSE Linux Enterprise Server for Raspberry Pi 12 SP2 kernel-source Analysis
SUSE Linux Enterprise Server for SAP Applications 12 SP2 kernel-source Analysis
SUSE Linux Enterprise Server for SAP Applications 12 SP4 kernel-source Analysis
SUSE Linux Enterprise Server for SAP Applications 15 kernel-source Analysis
SUSE Linux Enterprise Server for SAP Applications 15 SP1 kernel-source Analysis
SUSE Linux Enterprise Server for SAP Applications 15 SP2 kernel-source Analysis
SUSE Linux Enterprise Server for SAP Applications 15 SP3 kernel-default Analysis
SUSE Linux Enterprise Server for SAP Applications 15 SP3 kernel-source Analysis
SUSE Linux Enterprise Server for SAP Applications 15 SP4 kernel-default Analysis
SUSE Linux Enterprise Server for SAP Applications 15 SP4 kernel-source Analysis
SUSE Linux Enterprise Server for SAP Applications 15 SP5 kernel-default Analysis
SUSE Linux Enterprise Server for SAP Applications 15 SP5 kernel-source Analysis
SUSE Manager Proxy 4.0 kernel-source Analysis
SUSE Manager Proxy 4.1 kernel-source Analysis
SUSE Manager Proxy 4.2 kernel-source Analysis
SUSE Manager Retail Branch Server 4.0 kernel-source Analysis
SUSE Manager Retail Branch Server 4.1 kernel-source Analysis
SUSE Manager Retail Branch Server 4.2 kernel-source Analysis
SUSE Manager Server 4.0 kernel-source Analysis
SUSE Manager Server 4.1 kernel-source Analysis
SUSE Manager Server 4.2 kernel-source Analysis
SUSE OpenStack Cloud 7 kernel-source Analysis
SUSE OpenStack Cloud 9 kernel-source Analysis
SUSE OpenStack Cloud Crowbar 9 kernel-source Analysis
SUSE Real Time Module 15 SP3 kernel-source-rt Analysis
SUSE Real Time Module 15 SP4 kernel-source-rt Analysis
SUSE Real Time Module 15 SP5 kernel-source-rt Analysis
openSUSE Leap 15.3 kernel-source Analysis
openSUSE Leap 15.3 kernel-source-rt Analysis
openSUSE Leap 15.4 kernel-source Analysis
openSUSE Leap 15.4 kernel-source-rt Analysis
openSUSE Leap 15.5 kernel-source Analysis
openSUSE Leap 15.5 kernel-source-rt Analysis


SUSE Timeline for this CVE

CVE page created: Tue Oct 28 14:02:30 2025
CVE page last modified: Wed Oct 29 18:35:58 2025