SUSE CaaS Platform 2

Release Notes

This document provides guidance and an overview of high-level general features and updates for SUSE CaaS Platform 2. It describes the capabilities and limitations of SUSE CaaS Platform 2.

General documentation can be found at: https://www.suse.com/documentation/suse-caasp/.

Publication Date: 2018-07-23, Version: 2.0.20180628

1 SUSE CaaS Platform 2

SUSE CaaS Platform (Container as a Service Platform) combines the benefits of an enterprise ready OS with the agility of an orchestration platform for container development.

The basis of SUSE CaaS Platform is SUSE MicroOS. SUSE MicroOS is a modern Linux operating system, designed for containers and optimized for large, clustered deployments. SUSE MicroOS inherits the benefits of SUSE Linux Enterprise while redefining the operating system into a small, efficient and reliable distribution:

  • Ready to run out of the box: You get more than just a Bash login prompt that requires lots of configuration work

  • Btrfs with snapshots and rollback for transactional updates

  • Read-only file system with OverlayFS for /etc

  • cloud-init for initial configuration (Network, Accounts, Salt)

  • Salt for full system configuration

  • Administration node with dashboard to manage cluster

SUSE MicroOS comes with a novel file system configuration based on Btrfs and OverlayFS:

  • The base OS and snapshots are read-only

  • Subvolumes for data storage are read-write

  • OverlayFS is used for /etc (for cloud-init and Salt)

To manage SUSE MicroOS deployments, cloud-init is used:

  • Very flexible and already well-known by administrators in cloud environments

  • cloud-init has been enhanced, so it can configure Zypp repositories and read configuration from local directories

1.1 Advantages of SUSE CaaS Platform

SUSE CaaS Platform allows you to provision, manage, and scale container-based applications. SUSE offers an application development and hosting platform for containers that automates the tedious management tasks. This allows you to focus on development and writing apps that meet business goals.

The main benefits of SUSE CaaS Platform are:

  • Enable DevOps and Microservices Applications:  Develop, deploy, and automate modular, reliable, and serviceable applications across infrastructure, regardless of the application's architecture.

  • Enterprise-Grade Security and Scalability:  The foundation of SUSE CaaS Platform is our SUSE Linux Enterprise platform which provides a stable and reliable environment for enterprise applications.

  • Run Everywhere:  You can quickly and intelligently respond to demand across private and public clouds. SUSE CaaS Platform helps you manage peak demand without downtime or manual intervention.

  • Accelerate Business Innovation:  Go faster from concept to production. Give developers and operations teams the tools they need to iterate faster and reduce time between application releases.

1.2 Support and Life Cycle

SUSE CaaS Platform is backed by award-winning support from SUSE, an established technology leader with a proven history of delivering enterprise-quality support services.

The support for version SUSE CaaS Platform 2 ends with the release of version 3. We offer rolling updates allowing customers to upgrade the system via a maintenance update. When releasing version 3, SUSE will offer maintenance updates including packages enabling our customers to move to version 3 via a simple update.

For more information, check our Support Policy page https://www.suse.com/support/policy.html.

1.3 Requirements

This section lists requirements that SUSE CaaS Platform has on its running environment and underlying hardware.

1.3.1 Supported Environments

Nodes.  SUSE CaaS Platform currently supports clusters of up to 50 nodes.

Storage.  Storage can be provided in the following ways:

  • SUSE Enterprise Storage

  • NFS

  • HostPath

Dynamic provisioning using a Kubernetes StorageClass is only supported when using SUSE Enterprise Storage. When using a Kubernetes StorageClass for NFS or HostPath, it must use static provisioning.

Deployment.  SUSE CaaS Platform supports the following deployment scenarios:

  • On physical machines: Running on any Intel 64/AMD64 (x86_64) hardware certified for SLES 12.

  • Virtualized: SUSE CaaS Platform runs under the KVM, Xen, Hyper-V, and VMware hypervisors listed as supported at https://www.suse.com/documentation/sles-12/book_virt/data/virt_support_hosts.html. However, the following notes and exceptions apply:

    • For new host machine deployments, SUSE strongly recommends using KVM on SLES 12 SP3.

    • Running SUSE CaaS Platform virtualized under KVM on Linux-based systems is only supported on SLES systems.

    • Running SUSE CaaS Platform virtualized on the IBM Z and IBM POWER architectures is unsupported.

  • On private and public clouds running SUSE OpenStack Cloud 7.

    Be aware that presently, SUSE CaaS Platform does not support Kubernetes Cloud Provider integration with SUSE OpenStack Cloud. This means that certain features such as LBaaS, Cinder Storage are not supported in this release.

1.3.2 System Requirements

SUSE CaaS Platform has the following system requirements:

  • Minimal amount of RAM: 8 GB

  • Minimal file system size for the root file system: 40 GB (as Btrfs with snapshots), additional disk space for containers and container images may be required

  • Minimal file system size for swap: 2 GB (exact size defined by AutoYaST at runtime)

  • Kernel limits are documented in Section 4.1, “Kernel Limits”

  • VNC installations are not supported

1.4 Documentation and Other Information

1.4.1 Available on the Product Media

  • Read the READMEs on the media.

  • Get the detailed change log information about a particular package from the RPM (where <FILENAME>.rpm is the name of the RPM):

    rpm --changelog -qp <FILENAME>.rpm
  • Check the ChangeLog file in the top level of the media for a chronological log of all changes made to the updated packages.

  • Find more information in the docu directory of the media of SUSE CaaS Platform 2.

  • The most recent version is always available online at http://www.suse.com/releasenotes/. Some entries may be listed twice, if they are important and belong to more than one section.

1.4.2 Externally Provided Documentation

1.5 How to Obtain Source Code

This SUSE product includes materials licensed to SUSE under the GNU General Public License (GPL). The GPL requires SUSE to provide the source code that corresponds to the GPL-licensed material. The source code is available for download at https://www.suse.com/download-linux/source-code.html.

Also, for up to three years after distribution of the SUSE product, upon request, SUSE will mail a copy of the source code. Requests should be sent by e-mail to mailto:sle_source_request@suse.com or as otherwise instructed at https://www.suse.com/download-linux/source-code.html. SUSE may charge a reasonable fee to recover distribution costs.

1.6 Support Statement for SUSE CaaS Platform

To receive support, you need an appropriate subscription with SUSE. For more information, see https://www.suse.com/products/server/services-and-support/.

The following definitions apply:

L1

Problem determination, which means technical support designed to provide compatibility information, usage support, ongoing maintenance, information gathering and basic troubleshooting using available documentation.

L2

Problem isolation, which means technical support designed to analyze data, reproduce customer problems, isolate problem area and provide a resolution for problems not resolved by Level 1 or prepare for Level 3.

L3

Problem resolution, which means technical support designed to resolve problems by engaging engineering to resolve product defects which have been identified by Level 2 Support.

For contracted customers and partners, SUSE CaaS Platform 2 is delivered with L3 support for all packages, except the following:

  • Technology Previews

  • sound, graphics, fonts and artwork

  • packages that require an additional customer contract

  • packages provided as part of the Software Development Kit (SDK)

SUSE will only support the usage of original (that is, unchanged and un-recompiled) packages.

2 Features

2.1 Kubernetes

Over the life cycle of a SUSE Container as a Service Platform version, there may be updates to major Kubernetes upstream releases (and some minor releases also). However, the version provided in SUSE Container as a Service Platform will trail the upstream version by up to 6 months, to be able to provide additional QA.

Such version updates will be released as updates within the life of the product. This means there is no concept of overlap support between two versions. Only the latest maintenance update is supported.

The initial version of Kubernetes will be version 1.7.

3 Installation and Upgrade

For information about general preparations and supported installation methods and upgrade paths, see the documentation at https://www.suse.com/documentation/suse-caasp/.

4 Technical Information

This section contains information about system limits, several technical changes and enhancements for the experienced user.

When talking about CPUs, we use the following terminology:

CPU Socket

The visible physical entity, as it is typically mounted to a mainboard or an equivalent.

CPU Core

The (usually not visible) physical entity as reported by the CPU vendor.

Logical CPU

This is what the Linux Kernel recognizes as a CPU.

We avoid the word thread (which is sometimes used), as the word thread would also become ambiguous subsequently.

Virtual CPU

A logical CPU as seen from within a Virtual Machine.

4.1 Kernel Limits

This table summarizes the various limits which exist in our recent kernels and utilities (if related) for SUSE CaaS Platform 2.

SUSE CaaS Platform 2 (Linux 4.4) Intel 64/AMD64 (x86-64)

CPU bits

64

Maximum number of logical CPUs

8192

Maximum amount of RAM (theoretical/certified)

> 1 PiB/64 TiB

Maximum amount of user space/kernel space

128 TiB/128 TiB

Maximum amount of swap space

Up to 29 * 64 GB

Maximum number of processes

1048576

Maximum number of threads per process

Upper limit depends on memory and other parameters (tested with more than 120,000).

Maximum size per block device

Up to 8 EiB

FD_SETSIZE

1024

4.2 File Systems

SUSE CaaS Platform 2 exclusively supports the file system types Btrfs and OverlayFS. The root file system is a read-only Btrfs which enables transactional updates.

The following table lists supported and unsupported Btrfs features across multiple SUSE CaaS Platform versions.

+ supported
unsupported

FeatureBtrfs on SUSE CaaS Platform 2

Offline extend/shrink

+ / +

Online extend/shrink

+ / +

Inode allocation map

B-tree

Sparse files

+

Tail packing

+

ExtAttr/ACLs

+ / +

Quotas

+

Dump/restore

Block size default

4 KiB

Maximum file system size

16 EiB

Maximum file size

16 EiB

Data/metadata journaling

N/A *

Copy on Write+
Snapshots/Subvolumes+
Metadata Integrity+
Data Integrity+
Online Metadata Scrubbing+
Automatic Defragmentation
Manual Defragmentation+
In-band Deduplication
Out-of-band Deduplication+
Quota Groups+
Metadata Duplication+
Multiple Devices+
RAID 0+
RAID 1+
RAID 10+
RAID 5
RAID 6
Hot Add/Remove+
Device Replace
Seeding Devices
Compression+
Big Metadata Blocks+
Skinny Metadata+
Send Without File Data+
Send/Receive+
Inode Cache
Fallocate with Hole Punch+

* Btrfs is a copy-on-write file system. Instead of journaling changes before writing them in-place, it writes them to a new location and then links the new location in. Until the last write, the changes are not committed. Because of the nature of the file system, quotas are implemented based on subvolumes (qgroups).

The maximum file size above can be larger than the file system's actual size because of usage of sparse blocks. The numbers in the above table assume that the file systems are using 4 KiB block size. When using different block sizes, the results are different, but 4 KiB reflects the most common standard.

In this document: 1024 Bytes = 1 KiB; 1024 KiB = 1 MiB; 1024 MiB = 1 GiB; 1024 GiB = 1 TiB; 1024 TiB = 1 PiB; 1024 PiB = 1 EiB. See also http://physics.nist.gov/cuu/Units/binary.html.

For more information, also see: https://www.suse.com/products/caas-platform/technical-information/#FileSystem

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