Upstream information
Description
c3p0, a JDBC Connection pooling library, is vulnerable to attack via maliciously crafted Java-serialized objects and `javax.naming.Reference` instances. Several c3p0 `ConnectionPoolDataSource` implementations have a property called `userOverridesAsString` which conceptually represents a `Map<String,Map<String,String>>`. Prior to v0.12.0, that property was maintained as a hex-encoded serialized object. Any attacker able to reset this property, on an existing `ConnectionPoolDataSource` or via maliciously crafted serialized objects or `javax.naming.Reference` instances could be tailored execute unexpected code on the application's `CLASSPATH`. The danger of this vulnerability was strongly magnified by vulnerabilities in c3p0's main dependency, mchange-commons-java. This library includes code that mirrors early implementations of JNDI functionality, including ungated support for remote `factoryClassLocation` values. Attackers could set c3p0's `userOverridesAsString` hex-encoded serialized objects that include objects "indirectly serialized" via JNDI references. Deserialization of those objects and dereferencing of the embedded `javax.naming.Reference` objects could provoke download and execution of malicious code from a remote `factoryClassLocation`. Although hazard presented by c3p0's vulnerabilites are exarcerbated by vulnerabilities in mchange-commons-java, use of Java-serialized-object hex as the format for a writable Java-Bean property, of objects that may be exposed across JNDI interfaces, represents a serious independent fragility. The `userOverridesAsString` property of c3p0 `ConnectionPoolDataSource` classes has been reimplemented to use a safe CSV-based format, rather than rely upon potentially dangerous Java object deserialization. c3p0-0.12.0+ and above depend upon mchange-commons-java 0.4.0+, which gates support for remote `factoryClassLocation` values by configuration parameters that default to restrictive values. c3p0 additionally enforces the new mchange-commons-java `com.mchange.v2.naming.nameGuardClassName` to prevent injection of unexpected, potentially remote JNDI names. There is no supported workaround for versions of c3p0 prior to 0.12.0.SUSE information
Overall state of this security issue: Pending
This issue is currently rated as having important severity.
| CVSS detail | SUSE |
|---|---|
| Base Score | 8 |
| Vector | CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H |
| Attack Vector | Adjacent Network |
| Attack Complexity | High |
| Privileges Required | Low |
| User Interaction | None |
| Scope | Changed |
| Confidentiality Impact | High |
| Integrity Impact | High |
| Availability Impact | High |
| CVSSv3 Version | 3.1 |
| CVSS detail | CNA (GitHub) | SUSE |
|---|---|---|
| Base Score | 8.9 | 8.9 |
| Vector | CVSS:4.0/AV:A/AC:L/AT:P/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:H/SI:H/SA:H/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X | CVSS:4.0/AV:A/AC:L/AT:P/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:H/SI:H/SA:H |
| Attack Vector | Adjacent Network | Adjacent Network |
| Attack Complexity | Low | Low |
| Attack Requirements | Present | Present |
| Privileges Required | Low | Low |
| User Interaction | None | None |
| Vulnerable System Confidentiality Impact | High | High |
| Vulnerable System Integrity Impact | High | High |
| Vulnerable System Availability Impact | High | High |
| Subsequent System Confidentiality Impact | High | High |
| Subsequent System Integrity Impact | High | High |
| Subsequent System Availability Impact | High | High |
| CVSSv4 Version | 4.0 | 4.0 |
Status of this issue by product and package
Please note that this evaluation state might be work in progress, incomplete or outdated. Also information for service packs in the LTSS phase is only included for issues meeting the LTSS criteria. If in doubt, feel free to contact us for clarification. The updates are grouped by state of their lifecycle. SUSE product lifecycles are documented on the lifecycle page.
| Product(s) | Source package | State |
|---|---|---|
| Products under general support and receiving all security fixes. | ||
| openSUSE Leap 15.6 | c3p0 | Affected |
| Products under Long Term Service Pack support and receiving important and critical security fixes. | ||
| SUSE Manager Server LTS 4.3 | c3p0 | Affected |
| SUSE Manager Server Module 4.3 | c3p0 | Affected |
| Products past their end of life and not receiving proactive updates anymore. | ||
| openSUSE Leap 15.4 | c3p0 | Affected |
| openSUSE Leap 15.5 | c3p0 | Affected |
| Container Status | ||
| suse/manager/5.0/x86_64/server suse/manager/5.0/x86_64/server-attestation suse/multi-linux-manager/5.1/x86_64/server suse/multi-linux-manager/5.1/x86_64/server-attestation suse/multi-linux-manager/5.2/x86_64/server suse/multi-linux-manager/5.2/x86_64/server-attestation | c3p0 | Affected |
SUSE Timeline for this CVE
CVE page created: Thu Feb 26 04:02:47 2026CVE page last modified: Thu Feb 26 16:48:41 2026